South Africa is facing a serious threat to its fight against HIV because of potential cuts to U.S. funding. Without this essential support, the number of people receiving lifesaving HIV treatment might drop from 78% to just 70%, leading to hundreds of thousands more infections and deaths by 2028. This situation could undo years of hard work and progress, putting many lives at risk. South Africa has been a leader in HIV research and treatment, but the looming funding cuts could unravel the hope and success built over time. Time is critical, and continued international support is needed to keep the fight against HIV strong and effective.