South Africa’s Parliament is facing big challenges as it works to make healthcare fair and available to everyone, including people without official papers. Lawmakers are also debating strict rules on tobacco to protect health while respecting personal freedom. At the same time, they are fighting discrimination against Black healthcare workers in medical plans, pushing for fair treatment and transparency. Through public discussions and learning from other countries, Parliament strives to create laws that balance rights, fairness, and reallife needs for a better future.