South Africa’s HIV program is facing a serious funding crisis after major US donors like PEPFAR and USAID suddenly pulled out. This shock has exposed the risks of relying too much on foreign aid and pushed the government to find new ways to keep HIV care alive. Despite the challenges, local communities and activists remain strong, fighting to protect years of progress in HIV treatment and support. The country now seeks to build a future where it can stand on its own feet, with fresh partnerships and a focus on sustainability. This moment is a tough test—but also a chance for South Africa to lead the way in innovative, selfreliant HIV care.