In the midst of escalating violence in Sudan, the United States has imposed sanctions on Sudanese leaders responsible for the breakdown of the country’s ceasefire efforts. This move comes after a ceasefire brokered by the US and Saudi Arabia was violated by both the national army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), resulting in the deaths of 18 civilians and injuries to 106 others.
Sanctions Targeting Sudanese Leaders
On Thursday, 1st June 2023, the US announced sanctions aimed at four companies, two of which are linked to the army and the other two with the RSF. The RSF-controlled companies are involved in Sudan’s gold mining industry and have previously been found to have funneled millions of dollars through dirham accounts in the United Arab Emirates.
Skepticism Surrounding the Effectiveness of Sanctions
Despite the US’s decision to impose sanctions, some experts remain skeptical about their effectiveness. Sudan expert Alex de Waal argues that sanctions rarely achieve their intended outcomes, while Sudanese activist and author Raga Makawi believes that they can have inhumane consequences for communities and cities, ultimately leading to weakened economies and increased illicit activity.
The Devastating Impact of Violence on Sudanese Communities
Since the fighting began on April 15, over 1,800 fatalities have been reported, and more than 1.2 million people have been displaced within the country, with over 425,000 seeking refuge abroad. The situation has left aid agencies struggling to provide much-needed relief to those affected, with humanitarian corridors failing to materialize.
Ongoing Challenges for Sudan
Looting of UN refugee agency (UNHCR) offices in Khartoum and theft of food and assets in El Obeid have added to the crisis in Sudan, which has left more than half of the country’s population requiring aid and protection.
The Future of Sudan
As the international community seeks to respond to the crisis in Sudan, the US sanctions represent a significant move in a complex diplomatic landscape. However, it remains unclear whether these measures will be successful in altering the course of events in Sudan or if they will be just another chapter in the country’s ongoing strife.
